Diamox tablets contain acetazolamide 250mg, a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor used in the treatment of altitude sickness, epilepsy, glaucoma, and oedema (fluid retention).
Glaucoma is a condition where increased pressure within the eye can cause damage to the optic nerve leading to loss of vision. Diamox helps to lower pressure by reducing fluid within the eye to prevent eye damage.
Acetazolamide works by blocking the enzyme responsible for fluid retention making it useful in treating glaucoma as described, and as a diuretic to treat fluid retention. Blocking this enzyme also helps calm down nerve excitability making Diamox useful in treating epileptic seizures.
The dose depends on what is being treated, the bodyweight of the patient and the judgement of the prescribing physician.